Public Administration || Paper 2 || Union Government and Administration

President

1.   Art 79 says it’s a part of the Parliament.

2.   Election of the President – Art 54, 55; President and Vice President (Election) Act 1951; Electoral college- Elected MPs and MLAs; Proportional representation by means of Single transferable Vote; Democratic and federal principles enshrined;

3.   Constitutional Status – Art 53 read with Art 74;

4.   Powers – Military; Diplomatic; Judicial; Financial Executive; Legislative.

5.   Veto power – Absolute; substantive; qualified and pocket;

6.   Doctrine of letter of support – K.R.Narayan

7.   Postal Bill upheld – Giani jail singh

8.   Office of Profit case – APJ Kalam; Presidential activism.

9.   Also referred to as Lighthouse on the shore; Grandfather of govt.; Ceremonial head or rubber stamp;

Council of Ministers

1.   Art 74 governs this.

2.   PM – Deputy PM – Cabinet minister- MoS (Independent Charge) – MoS- Deputy Minister

3.   Cabinet refers to PM +  Cabinet Ministers

Prime Minister

1.   Aka “Primus Interpares” & “Inter Stellas Luma Minores”

2.   Phases – Pluralism Premiership; Neo-patrimonial premiership; Federal Model.

3.   Impact of coalition dharma – On selection of Ministers, portfolio allocation, CoM size increasing, Common Minimum Program, Parallel Power centers, chairperson of coalition.

Supreme Court

1.   Jurisdiction – Original; Appellate; Writ; Revisory (Art 137); Advisory (Art 143);

2.   Kesvanand Bharti Vs SoK – Basic Structure Doctrine;

3.   Menaka Gandhi vs UoI  - due process of law;

4.   Judicial Activism – filing of PILs; e.g. CNG in Delhi;

5.   Judicial Overreach – River-linking project; SIT on black money; S.H.Kapadia “Judges should show judicial constraint!”;

Cabinet Secretariat

1.   Earlier was War resources and reconstruction committee;

2.   In 1947 was remodeled as cab.  Sec. ; Statistical unit was attached;

3.   Civil Wing; Military Wing and Intelligence wing.

4.   A staff Agency

Central Secretariat

1.   Assistance in policy making;

2.   Clearing house for preliminary decisions;

3.   Institutional memory;

4.   Financial Control.

5.   A line agency.

PMO

1.   Was known as Prime Ministers Secretariat before 1977.

2.   Nehru mostly used Cabinet Secretariat instead.

3.   PMO with L.K. Jha gained prominence in the times Shastri.

4.   P.N.Haksar in PMO in the times of Indira Gandhi continued the trend.

5.   Later the relevance declined with the coming of Janata govt.

Prime Minister’s House (PMH) - Close associates of PM; Friends; Relative and collegues;